ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT One of the main challenges in the clinical management of dengue is the early identification of cases that could progress to severe forms of the disease. A biomarker that may enable this identification is the presence of genetic polymorphisms in genes associated with immune responses. The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review of the Latin American literature on these genes. An electronic literature search was carried out in PubMed, Scopus, Lilacs, and the Virtual Health Library, and reference lists of systematic reviews in the area. Case-control studies conducted in Latin American countries examining at least one form of genetic polymorphism related to immune responses against severe dengue were included. In total, 424 articles were identified and 26 were included in this systematic review. Of the 26 selected articles, 16 reported polymorphisms associated with the risk of developing severe dengue (Risk); Similarly, 16 articles reported polymorphisms associated with a decreased risk of severe dengue (Protective). The final analysis revealed that multiple polymorphisms in immune system genes were early markers of the progression of dengue in Latin Americans and found that polymorphisms of the TNF-alpha gene may have a critical role in dengue pathogenesis.
ABSTRACT
Introducción: La malaria es una enfermedad endémica en Colombia, cuyas características biológicas, fisiopatológicas y el impacto socioeconómico que genera la han posicionado como una enfermedad de interés en salud pública. Objetivo: Predecir el número de casos notificados de malaria para el segundo semestre del año 2020 en el departamento de Antioquia, a través de la aplicación de la teoría de la probabilidad y la caminata al azar. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional longitudinal retrospectivo. Se analizó la dinámica geométrica del comportamiento semestral de la epidemia de malaria en el departamento de Antioquia durante los años 2008-2020 con los datos del Sistema Nacional de Vigilancia en Salud Pública, como una caminata al azar probabilística. En relación con los aumentos y disminuciones consecutivas semestrales, se determinó el número de infectados más probable para el segundo semestre del año 2020. Resultados: El valor de la predicción fue de 3433. Al ser comparado con los valores reportados por el Sistema Nacional de Vigilancia en Salud Pública, se obtuvo un porcentaje de acierto del 95,4 %. Conclusiones: Al predecir con alta precisión el número de infectados para el segundo semestre del año 2020 en el departamento de Antioquia, se evidencia la potencialidad de la metodología para implementarse como una herramienta de vigilancia en salud pública y como un medio que sirva para apoyar la toma de decisiones en materia de políticas públicas.
Introduction: Malaria is an endemic disease in Colombia. Due to its biological and pathophysiological characteristics and socioeconomic impact, it is positioned as a disease of public health interest. Objective: To predict the number of reported cases of malaria for the second semester of 2020 in Antioquia department using the theory of probability and probabilistic random walk. Methods: A retrospective, longitudinal, observational study was conducted. The geometric dynamics of the biannual development of malaria epidemic in Antioquia department from 2008 to 2020 was analyzed using the data from the National Surveillance System in Public Health as a probabilistic random walk. Regarding the consecutive biannual reductions and increments, the most probable number of infected individuals was determined for the second semester of 2020. Results: The predictive value was 3433. When it was compared to the values reported by the National Surveillance System in Public Health, a 95.4% accuracy rate was obtained. Conclusions: By predicting with high accuracy the number of infected individuals for the second semester of 2020 in Antioquia department, it is evident the methodology potential as a public health surveillance tool and as a means to support public policy decision making.
Subject(s)
HumansABSTRACT
Se revisaron las historias clínicas de todos los pacientes con trasplante hepático atendidos en el Centro Especializado San Vicente Fundación entre enero de 2013 y junio de 2017, para determinar la frecuencia de síndrome metabólico (SM) postrasplante. En instrumento validado se registraron datos sociodemográficos, antecedentes patológicos, antecedentes toxicológicos, complicaciones y criterios ATP III. Se utilizó OpenEpi 3,01 para análisis estadístico; se consideró significancia estadística con p<0,05. De 102 historias clínicas revisadas, se analizaron 73 que cumplieron criterios de inclusión (sin diagnóstico de SM pretrasplante y con información completa para el instrumento). La mayoría de los pacientes eran hombres (59%), adultos mayores (64%) y casados (62%). La frecuencia de SM postrasplante fue 66%; hubo asociación significativa entre SM y antecedentes de hipertensión arterial y diabetes. Se confirma que el SM es una complicación frecuente de los trasplantados hepáticos y los antecedentes de hipertensión y diabetes son los factores asociados más frecuentes.
The medical records of all liver transplant patients attended at the Centro Especializado San Vicente Fundación between January 2013 and June 2017 were reviewed in order to determine the frequency of post-transplant metabolic syndrome (MS). We collected sociodemographic data, pathological history, toxicological history, complications, and ATP III criteria in a validated instrument. The statistical analysis was carried out with OpenEpi 3.01; p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Of the 102 reviewed medical records, 73 met the inclusion criteria (no MS diagnosis prior to transplant and complete information for the instrument) and were analyzed. Most patients were male (59%), older adults (64%) and married (62%). The frequency of MS after liver transplant was 66%. The association between MS and history of hypertension and diabetes was significant. We confirmed that MS is a frequent complication in liver transplant recipients and that history of hypertension and diabetes are the most frequent associated factors.